1 Samuel 14:21

Authorized King James Version

Moreover the Hebrews that were with the Philistines before that time, which went up with them into the camp from the country round about, even they also turned to be with the Israelites that were with Saul and Jonathan.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהָֽעִבְרִ֗ים
H5680
Moreover the Hebrews
an eberite (i.e., hebrew) or descendant of eber
#2
הָי֤וּ
H1961
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#3
לַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙
H6430
that were with the Philistines
a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth
#4
כְּאֶתְמ֣וֹל
H865
before
heretofore; definitely yesterday
#5
שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם
H8032
that time
trebly, i.e., (in time) day before yesterday
#6
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
H834
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
עָל֥וּ
H5927
which went up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#8
עִמָּ֛ם
H5973
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#9
בַּֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה
H4264
with them into the camp
an encampment (of travellers or troops); hence, an army, whether literal (of soldiers) or figurative (of dancers, angels, cattle, locusts, stars; or e
#10
סָבִ֑יב
H5439
from the country round about
(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around
#11
וְגַם
H1571
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
#12
הֵ֗מָּה
H1992
they (only used when emphatic)
#13
לִֽהְיוֹת֙
H1961
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#14
עִם
H5973
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#15
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
H3478
even they also turned to be with the Israelites
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#16
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
H834
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#17
עִם
H5973
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#18
שָׁא֖וּל
H7586
that were with Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#19
וְיֽוֹנָתָֽן׃
H3129
and Jonathan
jonathan, the name of ten israelites

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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